- Sectors
- Formats
Telecoms in Latin America 2004
Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean
Published: June 2004
- Key Statistics
- Market Overview
- Regulatory Environment
- Major Players
- Infrastructure
- Fixed network Services
- Public Data
- Internet
- Broadband
- E-services
- Wireless Communications
- Broadcasting
- Belize: The second smallest and most sparsely populated country in Central America, Belize was among the first Latin American countries to privatise its national telco in 1988, but gave the incumbent, Belize Telecommunications Ltd a 15-year monopoly concession until the end of 2002 for all phone services. The country is pressing ahead with the development and reform of its telecom sector. An independent regulatory authority was established in 1999 and the new Telecommunications Act 2002 paved the way for competition in the telecom market from January 1, 2003. International Telecommunications Ltd (Intelco) was the first competitor to enter the market with the launch of its GSM/GPRS-1900 network in October 2003.
- Caribbean Countries: Small Island Nations: These countries include Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Granada, Netherlands Antilles, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent & the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago. Caribbean countries are in the process of deregulating their telecom sectors, bringing an early end to Cable & Wireless’ decades of monopoly on each island, and awarding fixed and mobile concessions throughout the region. C&W has invested heavily in the Caribbean especially in mobile and Internet services, and with revenues rising and competition increasing, the region is showing great potential for investment. Many new players are entering the market such as Digicel, AT&T Wireless, and Oceanic.
- Costa Rica: Served by a relatively modern and sophisticated telecommunications infrastructure, Costa Rica leads Central America in terms of Internet penetration, yet it is the least liberalised telecom market in Latin America. Through the state-owned Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE), the government holds a monopoly over the telecom and energy markets. However, January 2004 marked a significant step with the signing of the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), which calls for the liberalisation of data networks and Internet services by January 2006, and cellular services by January 2007.
- Cuba: Despite being one of the Latin American leaders in R&D, Cuba lags behind in fixed-line teledensity, and it occupies the very last place in cellular phone penetration, and the second last (after Haiti) in the number of Internet users. Mobile phones and Internet access are limited by cost, access restrictions, severe penalties and inadequate infrastructure. In September 2003, the government merged fixed-line operator Etecsa with mobile operators Cubacel and C-Com, creating a single telecom monopoly. Etecsa plans to install an additional 40,000 GSM lines before end-2004 as part of a project to bring mobile services to the wider population.
- Dominican Republic: Although telecommunications is among the fastest growing and most competitive industry sectors in the Dominican Republic, barely 10.5% of the population have a fixed-line telephone in 2004. Mobile subscribers overtook fixed-lines in 2001, and now outnumber fixed-line customers by more than 2:1. Verizon Dominicana (ex Codetel), the former monopoly operator, is the dominant provider of local, domestic and international long-distance services, as well as mobile telephony and Internet access. The market for high-speed Internet is in its infancy and there is enormous potential for growth.
- El Salvador: El Salvador’s telecom market is among the most liberalised in Central America. Since the sector was privatised and opened to competition in 1998, foreign operators and local companies have invested millions in infrastructure improvements. However, the country has experienced a couple of serious set backs due to Hurricane Mitch in 1998 and the devastating earthquakes of 2001. As a result, fixed-line teledensity is little more than 11%, while mobile telephony overtook fixed lines in 2002, reaching over 17% penetration by early 2004. Internet usage is growing steadily, although coverage is mostly concentrated in San Salvador and a few other cities. The government’s liberal approach has allowed a promising diversity of telecom services to develop.
- Guatemala: With a high percentage of the population living in rural areas, the country’s fixed-line teledensity is at the low end of the scale for Latin America. Mobile telephony has been a fast growing market, helped along by one of the most liberal radio spectrum regulatory models in the world. Mobile phones overtook fixed lines in 2001, and now make up more than double the number of fixed-line customers. In late 2003, the two leading mobile companies Sercom and Comcel began to overlay their TDMA networks with GSM technology. Growth in the Internet market is hampered by widespread poverty, a linguistically and ethnically divided population, a small private sector, and inadequate education.
- Haiti: Fixed line teledensity in Haiti is the lowest of all Latin American nations, while mobile penetration is the second lowest after Cuba. Political unrest and instability have had a severely negative impact on private investment, both domestic and foreign. The problems afflicting the telecom industry are likely to go unresolved until some peace and stability are achieved. Fixed-line services are provided by state-owned monopoly operator Teleco, which is inefficient and poorly managed. Private competition in the mobile market was introduced in 1999. Internet access is also open to competition. To supplement the shortage of fixed lines, mobile provider HaiTel has deployed Wireless Local Loop (WLL) fixed wireless services, and a number of ISPs provide international telephony through Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
- Honduras: The country has the 4th lowest fixed-line penetration in Latin America, after Haiti, Nicaragua and Paraguay. The government pledged to increase competition in the telecom industry prior to the full liberalisation scheduled for December 2005. In September 2003, it launched the ‘Telephony For All’ program, which aims to provide basic telephony services for all Hondurans. While fixed-line services are yet to be liberalised, value-added services and mobile telephony are open to competition. Efforts to privatise the state-owned monopoly provider Hondutel have so far failed. Millicom subsidiary Celtel held a monopoly over mobile services until April 2003, when a second mobile licence was awarded to Megatel. The Internet has been slow to develop because over half of the population live below the poverty line, and large areas of the country have no telephone connection at all.
- Jamaica: The phased telecom liberalisation process in Jamaica ended in March 2003, in accordance with the agreement established in 1999 between Cable & Wireless Jamaica and the Jamaican Government. Since the process began, more than 300 telecom licences have been issued, although to date C&WJ remains the dominant player. The island has a fairly advanced telecom infrastructure containing a hybrid mix of wireless and wired technologies. The mobile market is served by three digital networks, which together served over 1.6 million subscribers by early 2004. A fourth mobile operator was licensed in March 2004. Both the mobile and Internet markets have experienced strong growth in the liberalised market.
- Mexico: One of the region’s largest economies, Mexico is a rapidly growing market, but with a teledensity of only 15.7% there is a great potential for growth. Although the long-distance and local telephony sectors were liberalised in 1997 and 1998 respectively, there have been complaints that the market has remained a de facto monopoly. In late 2003, the government announced plans to give COFETEL greater regulatory powers to boost competition and settle years of dispute. Telmex controls 96% of the fixed-line network and its sister company, Telcel, controls 80% of the mobile market. Mexico is the #2 mobile market in Latin America behind Brazil, with a penetration rate of 28% at end-2003. Poverty and income inequality are two major barriers to faster Internet growth. Internet penetration is limited by low PC penetration and lack of fixed-line capacity. Nevertheless, the Internet market is the fastest growing segment in Mexico’s telecom sector.
- Nicaragua: Although Nicaragua has the second lowest fixed-line teledensity in Latin America, 2003 and 2004 have brought big and promising changes to the country’s telecom market – two new companies, Enitel Movil and PCS Digital (América Móvil) launched GSM services in 2002 breaking the monopoly held by TCN BellSouth; the government completed the privatisation of the telecom market, selling its remaining 49% share in the incumbent fixed-line operator Enitel to América Móvil in January 2004; and the government announced that the fixed-line market will be opened to full competition in December 2004. Although increasing at a rapid rate, Internet uptake is restricted by the high level of illiteracy as well as the low number of available fixed lines.
- Panama: In January 2003 Panama opened its telecom industry to full competition as scheduled, ending the monopoly enjoyed by Cable & Wireless Panamá. By May 2004, 19 concessions had been awarded for local fixed-line, 28 for domestic long-distance and 58 for international long-distance services. C&WP and BellSouth Panama have exclusive concessionary rights to cellular phone services until 2007. Panama’s telecom infrastructure is modern and reliable, and is serviced by five global submarine fibre optic cables that cross from ocean to ocean through the Panama Canal creating new opportunities for telecom, Internet and e-commerce ventures.
- Puerto Rico: In terms of both fixed-line and mobile penetration, Puerto Rico is among the leading countries in Latin America. The mobile market has seen the fastest growth in subscribers as well as the number of companies entering the local market. Since the Puerto Rico Telecommunications Act of September 1996, the government-owned Puerto Rico Telephone Company has been privatised and more than 250 telecommunications companies have commenced operations on the island including AT&T, Cingular, Centennial, Sprint and Telefónica de España. Puerto Rico has one of the highest number of Internet users per capita in Latin America and the Caribbean. Over a quarter of the population has access to the Internet, including most sectors of society.
See this documents 'Table of Contents' for more details. | ||
| 1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY | |
| 1.1 | Key Highlights | |
| 2. | BELIZE | |
| 2.1 | Key statistics | |
| 2.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 2.2.1 | Overview of Belize’s telecom market | |
| 2.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 2.3.1 | Background | |
| 2.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 2.3.3 | Belize Telecommunications Act 2002 | |
| 2.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 2.4.1 | Belize Telecommunications Ltd (BTL) | |
| 2.4.2 | Fixed wireless operators | |
| 2.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 2.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 2.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 2.6 | Internet market | |
| 2.6.1 | Overview of the Internet | |
| 2.6.2 | ISP market | |
| 2.7 | Broadband market | |
| 2.7.1 | DSL | |
| 2.7.2 | Wireless broadband | |
| 2.8 | Content and E-services | |
| 2.8.1 | E-commerce | |
| 2.9 | Mobile communications | |
| 2.9.1 | Overview of Belize’s mobile market | |
| 2.9.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 2.10 | Broadcasting | |
| 2.10.1 | Overview | |
| 2.10.2 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 2.10.3 | Cable TV | |
| 3. | CARIBBEAN COUNTRIES – SMALL ISLAND NATIONS | |
| 3.1 | Telecommunications market | |
| 3.1.1 | Overview | |
| 3.2 | Regulatory environment | |
| 3.2.1 | Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority (ECTEL) | |
| 3.3 | Major players in the market | |
| 3.3.1 | Cable & Wireless West Indies | |
| 3.3.2 | Centennial Communications | |
| 3.4 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 3.4.1 | International | |
| 3.5 | Country overviews | |
| 3.5.1 | Introduction | |
| 3.5.2 | Anguilla | |
| 3.5.3 | Antigua & Barbuda | |
| 3.5.4 | Aruba | |
| 3.5.5 | Bahamas | |
| 3.5.6 | Barbados | |
| 3.5.7 | Bermuda | |
| 3.5.8 | Cayman Islands | |
| 3.5.9 | Dominica | |
| 3.5.10 | Grenada | |
| 3.5.11 | Netherlands Antilles | |
| 3.5.12 | St Kitts & Nevis | |
| 3.5.13 | St Lucia | |
| 3.5.14 | St Vincent & Grenadines | |
| 3.5.15 | Trinidad and Tobago | |
| 3.6 | Internet market | |
| 3.6.1 | Overview of the Internet markets | |
| 3.7 | Mobile communications | |
| 3.7.1 | Overview of mobile markets | |
| 3.7.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 3.7.3 | Satellite mobile | |
| 4. | COSTA RICA | |
| 4.1 | Key statistics | |
| 4.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 4.2.1 | Overview of Costa Rica’s telecom market | |
| 4.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 4.3.1 | Background | |
| 4.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 4.3.3 | Telecom sector liberalisation | |
| 4.4 | Fixed network operators in Costa Rica | |
| 4.4.1 | Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE) | |
| 4.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 4.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 4.5.2 | International | |
| 4.6 | Data market | |
| 4.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 4.6.2 | Intellicom and Tricom | |
| 4.6.3 | VSAT networks | |
| 4.7 | Internet market | |
| 4.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Costa Rica | |
| 4.7.2 | Costa Rica’s ISP market | |
| 4.8 | Broadband in Costa Rica | |
| 4.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 4.8.2 | Wireless broadband | |
| 4.9 | Mobile communications | |
| 4.9.1 | Overview of Costa Rica’s mobile market | |
| 4.10 | Broadcasting market | |
| 4.10.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 4.10.2 | Cable TV | |
| 4.10.3 | Satellite TV | |
| 5. | CUBA | |
| 5.1 | Key statistics | |
| 5.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 5.2.1 | Overview of Cuba’s telecom market | |
| 5.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 5.3.1 | Background | |
| 5.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 5.3.3 | Privatisation | |
| 5.4 | Fixed network operators in Cuba | |
| 5.4.1 | Empresa de Telecomunicaciones del Cuba SA (Etecsa) | |
| 5.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 5.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 5.6 | Internet market | |
| 5.6.1 | Overview of the Internet in Cuba | |
| 5.7 | Content and E-services | |
| 5.7.1 | E-commerce | |
| 5.8 | Wireless communications | |
| 5.8.1 | Overview of Cuba’s mobile market | |
| 5.8.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 5.9 | Broadcasting | |
| 5.9.1 | Television and radio broadcasting in Cuba | |
| 6. | DOMINICAN REPUBLIC | |
| 6.1 | Key statistics | |
| 6.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 6.2.1 | Overview of the Dominican Republic’s telecom market | |
| 6.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 6.3.1 | Background | |
| 6.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 6.3.3 | Telecom sector liberalisation in the Dominican Republic | |
| 6.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 6.4.1 | Overview of operators | |
| 6.4.2 | Verizon Dominicana (formerly Codetel) | |
| 6.4.3 | Tricom | |
| 6.4.4 | Centennial Dominicana | |
| 6.4.5 | Turitel SA | |
| 6.4.6 | Economitel | |
| 6.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 6.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 6.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 6.6 | Data market | |
| 6.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 6.7 | Internet market | |
| 6.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in the Dominican Republic | |
| 6.7.2 | Internet access locations | |
| 6.7.3 | ISP Market | |
| 6.8 | Broadband | |
| 6.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 6.8.2 | Cable modems | |
| 6.8.3 | ADSL | |
| 6.8.4 | Wireless broadband | |
| 6.9 | Content and e-services | |
| 6.10 | Wireless communications | |
| 6.10.1 | Overview of the Dominican Republic’s mobile market | |
| 6.10.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 6.10.3 | Mobile voice services | |
| 6.11 | Broadcasting market | |
| 6.11.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 6.11.2 | Digital terrestrial TV | |
| 6.11.3 | Cable TV | |
| 6.11.4 | Interactive TV | |
| 7. | EL SALVADOR | |
| 7.1 | Key statistics | |
| 7.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 7.2.1 | Overview of El Salvador’s telecom market | |
| 7.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 7.3.1 | Telecommunications law | |
| 7.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 7.3.3 | Privatisation of Antel | |
| 7.3.4 | Telecom sector liberalisation | |
| 7.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 7.4.1 | Overview | |
| 7.4.2 | CTE Telecom | |
| 7.4.3 | Telefónica Móviles El Salvador | |
| 7.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 7.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 7.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 7.5.3 | Infrastructure developments | |
| 7.6 | Data communications | |
| 7.6.1 | Overview | |
| 7.7 | Internet market | |
| 7.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in El Salvador | |
| 7.7.2 | Internet access locations | |
| 7.7.3 | El Salvador’s ISP market | |
| 7.8 | Broadband market | |
| 7.8.1 | Overview | |
| 7.9 | Mobile communications | |
| 7.9.1 | Overview of El Salvador’s mobile market | |
| 7.9.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 7.10 | Broadcasting | |
| 7.10.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 7.10.2 | Cable TV | |
| 8. | GUATEMALA | |
| 8.1 | Key statistics | |
| 8.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 8.2.1 | Overview of Guatemala’s telecom market | |
| 8.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 8.3.1 | History | |
| 8.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 8.3.3 | Telecom sector liberalisation in Guatemala | |
| 8.3.4 | Privatisation of Guatel/Telgua | |
| 8.3.5 | Interconnection | |
| 8.3.6 | Foreign investments | |
| 8.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 8.4.1 | Overview of operators | |
| 8.4.2 | Telgua | |
| 8.4.3 | Telefónica Guatemala | |
| 8.4.4 | Guatel | |
| 8.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 8.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 8.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 8.5.3 | Infrastructure developments | |
| 8.6 | Data market | |
| 8.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 8.7 | Internet market | |
| 8.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Guatemala | |
| 8.7.2 | Guatemala’s ISP market | |
| 8.8 | Broadband | |
| 8.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 8.9 | Content and e-services | |
| 8.10 | Wireless communications | |
| 8.10.1 | Overview of Guatemala’s mobile market | |
| 8.10.2 | Regulatory issues | |
| 8.10.3 | Mobile technologies | |
| 8.10.4 | Major mobile operators | |
| 8.10.5 | Mobile voice services in Guatemala | |
| 8.10.6 | Mobile data services | |
| 8.11 | Guatemala’s broadcasting market | |
| 8.11.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 8.11.2 | Cable TV and pay TV | |
| 8.11.3 | Satellite TV | |
| 9. | HAITI | |
| 9.1 | Key statistics | |
| 9.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 9.2.1 | Overview of Haiti’s telecom market | |
| 9.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 9.3.1 | Regulatory authority | |
| 9.3.2 | Telecom sector liberalisation in Haiti | |
| 9.3.3 | Privatisation | |
| 9.4 | Major fixed network operators in Haiti | |
| 9.4.1 | Telecommunications D’Haiti (Teleco) | |
| 9.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 9.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 9.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 9.6 | Internet market | |
| 9.6.1 | Overview of the Internet in Haiti | |
| 9.6.2 | Internet initiatives | |
| 9.6.3 | ISP market | |
| 9.7 | Content and e-services | |
| 9.7.1 | E-commerce | |
| 9.8 | Wireless communications | |
| 9.8.1 | Overview of Haiti’s mobile market | |
| 9.8.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 9.9 | Broadcasting market | |
| 9.9.1 | TV broadcasting in Haiti | |
| 10. | HONDURAS | |
| 10.1 | Key statistics | |
| 10.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 10.2.1 | Overview of Honduran telecom market | |
| 10.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 10.3.1 | Regulatory authority | |
| 10.3.2 | Privatisation | |
| 10.3.3 | Foreign investment | |
| 10.3.4 | Telecom sector liberalisation in Honduras | |
| 10.3.5 | ‘Telephony For All’ program | |
| 10.4 | Fixed network operators in Honduras | |
| 10.4.1 | Empresa Hondureña de Telecomunicaciones (Hondutel) | |
| 10.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 10.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 10.5.2 | International | |
| 10.5.3 | Infrastructure developments | |
| 10.6 | Data market | |
| 10.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 10.7 | Internet market | |
| 10.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Honduras | |
| 10.7.2 | Internet access locations | |
| 10.7.3 | Honduran ISP market | |
| 10.8 | Content and e-services | |
| 10.8.1 | E-commerce | |
| 10.9 | Broadband in Honduras | |
| 10.10 | Mobile communications | |
| 10.10.1 | Overview of the Honduran mobile market | |
| 10.10.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 10.11 | Broadcasting in Honduras | |
| 10.11.1 | Free to air TV | |
| 10.11.2 | Pay TV | |
| 10.11.3 | Cable TV | |
| 10.11.4 | Satellite TV | |
| 11. | JAMAICA | |
| 11.1 | Key statistics | |
| 11.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 11.2.1 | Overview of Jamaica’s telecom market | |
| 11.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 11.3.1 | Background | |
| 11.3.2 | Telecommunications Act 2000 | |
| 11.3.3 | Regulatory authorities | |
| 11.3.4 | Liberalisation process | |
| 11.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 11.4.1 | Cable & Wireless Jamaica Ltd | |
| 11.4.2 | Fixed wireless operators | |
| 11.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 11.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 11.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 11.6 | Internet market | |
| 11.6.1 | Overview of the Internet in Jamaica | |
| 11.6.2 | Internet access locations | |
| 11.6.3 | ISP market | |
| 11.7 | Content and E-services | |
| 11.7.1 | E-commerce | |
| 11.7.2 | E-government | |
| 11.8 | Mobile communications | |
| 11.8.1 | Overview of Jamaica’s mobile market | |
| 11.8.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 11.9 | Jamaica’s broadcasting market | |
| 11.9.1 | Overview | |
| 11.9.2 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 11.9.3 | Cable TV and Pay TV | |
| 12. | MEXICO | |
| 12.1 | Key statistics | |
| 12.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 12.2.1 | Overview of Mexico’s telecom market | |
| 12.2.2 | Market analysis – 2003 | |
| 12.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 12.3.1 | Background | |
| 12.3.2 | Regulatory authorities | |
| 12.3.3 | Telecom sector liberalisation in Mexico | |
| 12.3.4 | Privatisation of Telmex | |
| 12.3.5 | Interconnect | |
| 12.3.6 | Settlement rates | |
| 12.4 | Fixed network operators | |
| 12.4.1 | Market overview | |
| 12.4.2 | Teléfonos de México (Telmex) | |
| 12.4.3 | Avantel | |
| 12.4.4 | Alestra | |
| 12.4.5 | Axtel | |
| 12.4.6 | Maxcom Telecomunicaciones (formerly Amaritel) | |
| 12.4.7 | Marcatel | |
| 12.4.8 | Iusatel | |
| 12.4.9 | Operadora Protel | |
| 12.4.10 | Megacable Comunicaciones | |
| 12.4.11 | Miditel (suspended) | |
| 12.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 12.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 12.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 12.5.3 | Infrastructure developments | |
| 12.6 | Data market | |
| 12.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 12.7 | Internet market | |
| 12.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Mexico | |
| 12.7.2 | Mexico’s ISP market | |
| 12.8 | Broadband in Mexico | |
| 12.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 12.8.2 | Cable modems | |
| 12.8.3 | Internet TV | |
| 12.8.4 | ADSL | |
| 12.8.5 | Wireless broadband | |
| 12.9 | Content and e-services | |
| 12.9.1 | E-commerce | |
| 12.10 | Mobile communications | |
| 12.10.1 | Overview of Mexico’s mobile market | |
| 12.10.2 | Regulatory issues | |
| 12.10.3 | Mobile technologies | |
| 12.10.4 | Major mobile operators | |
| 12.10.5 | Mobile voice services in Mexico | |
| 12.10.6 | Mobile data services | |
| 12.10.7 | Mobile applications | |
| 12.10.8 | Trunk mobile radio | |
| 12.11 | Mexico’s broadcasting market | |
| 12.11.1 | Overview | |
| 12.11.2 | Regulatory environment | |
| 12.11.3 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 12.11.4 | Digital Terrestrial TV | |
| 12.11.5 | Cable TV and pay TV | |
| 12.11.6 | Satellite TV | |
| 12.11.7 | Interactive TV | |
| 13. | NICARAGUA | |
| 13.1 | Key statistics | |
| 13.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 13.2.1 | Overview of Nicaragua’s telecom market | |
| 13.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 13.3.1 | Background | |
| 13.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 13.3.3 | Privatisation | |
| 13.3.4 | Telecom sector liberalisation in Nicaragua | |
| 13.4 | Fixed network operators in Nicaragua | |
| 13.4.1 | Empresa Nicaragüense de Telecomunicaciones (Enitel) | |
| 13.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 13.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 13.5.2 | International | |
| 13.6 | Data market | |
| 13.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 13.7 | Internet market | |
| 13.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Nicaragua | |
| 13.7.2 | ISP market | |
| 13.8 | Broadband in Nicaragua | |
| 13.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 13.9 | Wireless communications | |
| 13.9.1 | Overview of Nicaragua’s mobile market | |
| 13.9.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 13.9.3 | Satellite mobile | |
| 13.10 | Broadcasting market | |
| 13.10.1 | TV broadcasting in Nicaragua | |
| 13.10.2 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 13.10.3 | Cable TV | |
| 13.10.4 | Satellite TV | |
| 14. | PANAMA | |
| 14.1 | Key statistics | |
| 14.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 14.2.1 | Overview of Panama’s telecom market | |
| 14.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 14.3.1 | Regulatory authority | |
| 14.3.2 | Privatisation of INTEL | |
| 14.3.3 | Telecom sector liberalisation | |
| 14.3.4 | Number portability | |
| 14.4 | Fixed network operators in Panama | |
| 14.4.1 | Cable & Wireless Panamá | |
| 14.4.2 | Telecarrier Inc | |
| 14.4.3 | Galaxy Communications Corp (ClaroCOM) | |
| 14.4.4 | Optynex | |
| 14.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 14.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 14.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 14.5.3 | Infrastructure developments | |
| 14.6 | Data market | |
| 14.6.1 | Data infrastructure | |
| 14.7 | Internet market | |
| 14.7.1 | Overview of the Internet in Panama | |
| 14.7.2 | Panama’s ISP market | |
| 14.8 | Broadband | |
| 14.8.1 | Market overview | |
| 14.8.2 | ADSL | |
| 14.8.3 | Cable modems | |
| 14.8.4 | Wireless broadband | |
| 14.9 | Content and e-services | |
| 14.9.1 | E-commerce | |
| 14.10 | Wireless communications | |
| 14.10.1 | Overview of Panama’s mobile market | |
| 14.10.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 14.11 | Panama’s broadcasting market | |
| 14.11.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 14.11.2 | Cable TV | |
| 14.11.3 | Satellite TV | |
| 15. | PUERTO RICO | |
| 15.1 | Key statistics | |
| 15.2 | Telecommunications market | |
| 15.2.1 | Overview of Puerto Rico’s telecom market | |
| 15.3 | Regulatory environment | |
| 15.3.1 | Background | |
| 15.3.2 | Regulatory authority | |
| 15.3.3 | Number portability | |
| 15.3.4 | Privatisation of PRTC | |
| 15.4 | Fixed network operators in Puerto Rico | |
| 15.4.1 | Introduction | |
| 15.4.2 | Telecomunicaciones de Puerto Rico Inc (TELPRI) | |
| 15.4.3 | Centennial de Puerto Rico (CPR) | |
| 15.4.4 | Telefónica Larga Distancia de Puerto Rico (TDL) | |
| 15.4.5 | AT&T Puerto Rico | |
| 15.5 | Telecommunications infrastructure | |
| 15.5.1 | National telecom network | |
| 15.5.2 | International infrastructure | |
| 15.6 | Internet | |
| 15.6.1 | Overview of the Internet in Puerto Rico | |
| 15.6.2 | Profile of Internet users | |
| 15.6.3 | ISP market | |
| 15.7 | Broadband market | |
| 15.7.1 | Overview | |
| 15.7.2 | ADSL | |
| 15.7.3 | Cable modems | |
| 15.7.4 | Wireless broadband | |
| 15.8 | Content and e-services | |
| 15.8.1 | E-commerce | |
| 15.9 | Wireless communications | |
| 15.9.1 | Overview of Puerto Rico’s mobile market | |
| 15.9.2 | Major mobile operators | |
| 15.9.3 | Mobile voice services | |
| 15.9.4 | Mobile data services | |
| 15.10 | Broadcasting market | |
| 15.10.1 | Free-to-air TV | |
| 15.10.2 | Cable TV | |
| 15.10.3 | Satellite TV | |
| 16. | GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS | |
| Exhibit 1 – Individual telecom licences granted in Grenada – 2001 - 2003 | ||
| Exhibit 2 – Mobile networks – March 2004 | ||
| Exhibit 3 – Major submarine cable networks connecting Costa Rica | ||
| Exhibit 4 – Companies offering Internet services in Cuba – 2003 | ||
| Exhibit 5 – VHF and UHF television stations – 2003 | ||
| Exhibit 6 – Major submarine cable networks connecting El Salvador | ||
| Exhibit 7 – Major submarine cable networks connecting Honduras | ||
| Exhibit 8 – Licences issued by December 2003 | ||
| Exhibit 9 – Local licence holders – February 2004 | ||
| Exhibit 10 – Long-distance licence holders – March 2004 | ||
| Exhibit 11 – Major submarine cable networks | ||
| Exhibit 12 – Major ISPs in Mexico | ||
| Exhibit 13 – Mobile telephone regions | ||
| Exhibit 14 – Licences and market share of mobile operators – 2003 | ||
| Exhibit 15 – Telefónica acquisitions: Bajacel, Movitel, Norcel, Cedetel and Pegaso | ||
| Exhibit 16 – Major submarine cable networks connecting Nicaragua | ||
Table 1 – Country statistics Belize – 2002 | ||
| Table 2 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 3 – Telephone network statistics – March 2003 | ||
| Table 4 – Internet provider statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 5 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 6 – Mobile statistics – March 2003 | ||
| Table 7 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 8 – Fixed lines in service - 1995 - 2002 | ||
| Table 9 – Internet users – 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 10 – Internet host computers – 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 11 – Mobile subscribers - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 12 – Population and GDP of selected Caribbean countries – 2002 | ||
| Table 13 – Fixed lines in service (selected countries) - 2002 | ||
| Table 14 – Fixed lines in service (selected countries) - 2001 | ||
| Table 15 – Internet users in Caribbean small island nations - 2001 - 2002 | ||
| Table 16 – Mobile subscribers in Caribbean small island nations - 2002 | ||
| Table 17 – Caribbean cellular/PCS subscribers – 1996 - 2006 | ||
| Table 18 – Country statistics Costa Rica – 2003 | ||
| Table 19 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 20 – Telephone network statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 21 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 22 – Internet user statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 23 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 24 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 25 – Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 26 – Public payphones – 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 27 – Internet users – 1997 - 2003 | ||
| Table 28 – Internet penetration – 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 29 – Internet host computers – 1993 - 2003 | ||
| Table 30 – Cable modems – 1999 - 2002 | ||
| Table 31 – Mobile subscribers and penetration - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 32 – Country statistics Cuba – 2002 | ||
| Table 33 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 34 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 35 – Internet user statistics – 2001 | ||
| Table 36 – Mobile statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 37 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 38 – Fixed lines in service – 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 39 – Internet users – 1996 - 2001 | ||
| Table 40 – Internet host computers – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 41 – Mobile subscribers – 1995 - 2002 | ||
| Table 42 – Country statistics Dominican Republic – 2003 | ||
| Table 43 – Telephone network statistics – March 2004 | ||
| Table 44 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 45 – Internet user statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 46 – Mobile statistics – March 2004 | ||
| Table 47 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 48 – Verizon Dominicana access lines in service – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 49 – Tricom fixed lines in service – 1998 - 2004 | ||
| Table 50 – Fixed lines in service and teledensity - 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 51 – Public phones - 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 52 – WLL lines in service – 1999 - 2004 | ||
| Table 53 – Data service subscribers – 2001 - 2003 | ||
| Table 54 – Internet users and user penetration - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 55 – Internet subscribers and subscriber penetration – 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 56 – Internet host computers - 1994 - 2003 | ||
| Table 57 – ADSL subscribers - March 2004 | ||
| Table 58 – Mobile subscribers by operator - 2003 | ||
| Table 59 – Mobile market share - 2003 | ||
| Table 60 – Mobile subscribers and penetration - 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 61 – Analogue/digital proportion - 2001 - 2004 | ||
| Table 62 – Verizon Dominicana mobile customers – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 63 – Orange Dominicana mobile customers – 2000 - 2003 | ||
| Table 64 – Tricom cellular subscribers – 1998 - 2004 | ||
| Table 65 – Postpaid/prepaid proportion - 2001 - 2004 | ||
| Table 66 – TCN Dominicana overview – 2001 - 2003 | ||
| Table 67 – Country statistics El Salvador – 2003 | ||
| Table 68 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 69 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 70 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 71 – Internet user statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 72 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 73 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 74 – Fixed lines in service – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 75 – Public payphones – 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 76 – Internet users and user penetration - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 77 – Internet subscribers and subscriber penetration – 2000 - 2003 | ||
| Table 78 – Internet host computers - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 79 – Mobile subscribers by operator – 2003 | ||
| Table 80 – Mobile subscribers – 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 81 – Mobile operators’ market share – 2003 | ||
| Table 82 – Postpaid/prepaid proportion - 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 83 – Telemóvil subscribers – 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 84 – Telefónica de El Salvador subscribers – 1999 - 2003 | ||
| Table 85 – Country statistics Guatemala – 2003 | ||
| Table 86 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 87 – Telephone network statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 88 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 89 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 90 – Mobile statistics – September 2003 | ||
| Table 91 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 92 – Fixed lines in service by operator – 2002 | ||
| Table 93 – Telgua fixed lines in service – 2000 - 2004 | ||
| Table 94 – Fixed lines in service – 1995 - 2002 | ||
| Table 95 – Internet users - 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 96 – Internet host computers - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 97 – Mobile subscribers by operator - 2003 | ||
| Table 98 – Mobile subscribers - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 99 – Operator market share - 2003 | ||
| Table 100 – Comcel operating statistics – 2000 - 2004 | ||
| Table 101 – Sercom operating statistics – 2000 - 2004 | ||
| Table 102 – BellSouth Guatemala operating statistics – 2000 - 2003 | ||
| Table 103 – Movistar operating statistics – 2000 - 2004 | ||
| Table 104 – Prepaid subscribers – December 2002 | ||
| Table 105 – Country statistics Haiti – 2002 | ||
| Table 106 – Telephone network statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 107 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 108 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 109 – Mobile statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 110 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 111 – Country statistics Honduras – 2003 | ||
| Table 112 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 113 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 114 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 115 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 116 – Mobile statistics – March 2004 | ||
| Table 117 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 118 – Number of operators – April 2004 | ||
| Table 119 – Fixed lines in service teledensity - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 120 – Public telephones - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 121 – Internet users and penetration – 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 122 – Internet host computers - 1997 - 2003 | ||
| Table 123 – Mobile subscribers and penetration - 1996 - 2004 | ||
| Table 124 – Prepaid/postpaid proportion - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 125 – Country statistics Jamaica– 2002 | ||
| Table 126 – Telephone network statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 127 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 128 – Internet user statistics – April 2003 | ||
| Table 129 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 130 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 131 – Fixed-lines in service - 1995 - 2002 | ||
| Table 132 – Internet users - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 133 – Internet host computers - 1995 - 2002 | ||
| Table 134 – Mobile subscribers by operator – 2003 | ||
| Table 135 – Mobile subscribers - 1999 - 2003 | ||
| Table 136 – Country statistics Mexico – 2003 | ||
| Table 137 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 138 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 139 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 140 – Internet user statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 141 – Broadband statistics – June 2003 | ||
| Table 142 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 143 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 144 – Telmex lines in service - 1997 - 2004 | ||
| Table 145 – Alestra lines in service - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 146 – Maxcom lines in service - 2001 - 2003 | ||
| Table 147 – Fixed lines in service – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 148 – Internet users and penetration - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 149 – Access technologies - 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 150 – Internet services revenue - 2001 - 2003 | ||
| Table 151 – Internet host computers - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 152 – Prodigy Internet subscribers - 1997 - 2003 | ||
| Table 153 – E-commerce revenue - 2000 - 2003 | ||
| Table 154 – Mobile subscribers – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 155 – Mobile subscribers by operator – 2003 | ||
| Table 156 – Mobile penetration by region - 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 157 – Telcel subscribers – 1998 - 2004 | ||
| Table 158 – Telefónica Móviles subscribers – 2001 - 2004 | ||
| Table 159 – Iusacell subscribers – 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 160 – Unefon subscribers – 2000 - 2003 | ||
| Table 161 – Prepaid and post paid subscribers – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 162 – Trunking subscribers – 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 163 – Pay TV subscribers – 1994 - 2003 | ||
| Table 164 – Pay TV penetration - 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 165 – Cablevisión subscribers - 2000 - 2004 | ||
| Table 166 – Cablemás subscribers - 1999 - 2003 | ||
| Table 167 – Sky DTH subscribers - 1999 - 2003 | ||
| Table 168 – Country statistics Nicaragua – 2003 | ||
| Table 169 – Telecom revenue and investment statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 170 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 171 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 172 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 173 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 174 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 175 – Fixed lines in service - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 176 – Public telephones – 1997 - 2002 | ||
| Table 177 – Internet users - 1997 - 2002 | ||
| Table 178 – Internet subscribers - 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 179 – Internet host computers - 1997 - 2003 | ||
| Table 180 – Mobile subscribers by operator - 2003 | ||
| Table 181 – Mobile subscribers - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 182 – TCN BellSouth subscribers - 1999 - 2003 | ||
| Table 183 – Enitel Movil subscribers - 2002 - 2004 | ||
| Table 184 – PCS Digital subscribers - 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 185 – Country statistics Panama – 2003 | ||
| Table 186 – Telephone network statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 187 – Internet provider statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 188 – Internet user statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 189 – Mobile statistics – 2003 | ||
| Table 190 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 191 – Number of telecom concessions - May 2004 | ||
| Table 192 – Fixed lines in service - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 193 – Public telephones - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 194 – Internet users and user penetration - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 195 – Internet subscribers and subscriber penetration - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 196 – Internet host computers - 1995 - 2003 | ||
| Table 197 – Mobile subscribers by operator - 2003 | ||
| Table 198 – Mobile subscribers and penetration - 1997 - 2003 | ||
| Table 199 – Postpaid/prepaid proportion - 1998 - 2003 | ||
| Table 200 – Country statistics Puerto Rico – 2002 | ||
| Table 201 – Telephone network statistics – 2001 | ||
| Table 202 – Internet provider statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 203 – Internet user statistics – 2002 | ||
| Table 204 – Mobile statistics – September 2003 | ||
| Table 205 – National telecommunications authorities | ||
| Table 206 – Fixed lines in service - 1996 - 2001 | ||
| Table 207 – Internet users - 1996 - 2002 | ||
| Table 208 – Internet host computers - 1994 - 2002 | ||
| Table 209 – Mobile subscribers by operator - September 2003 | ||
| Table 210 – Operators market share – 2002 - 2003 | ||
| Table 211 – Mobile subscribers – 1996 - 2003 | ||
| Table 212 – MoviStar subscribers - 2000 - 2003 | ||
